IRQ Settings, how to view IRQ assignments and resolve IRQ conflicts.
IRQ stands for Interrupt ReQuest and refers to special numbered channels that are used by devices to get the processors attention.
For example, when you press a key on your keyboard it sends a signal to the processor via an IRQ channel (usually IRQ1) to let it know that it needs to process some data.
IRQ conflicts can occur when new hardware is installed or reconfigured. For example, it can cause problems if you have your mouse on COM 1 (IRQ4) and a
modem on COM 3 (IRQ4), below is a list of the default assignments for IRQ channels in Windows.
Default ISA IRQ Assignments
| IRQ 0 |
System Timer |
| IRQ 1 |
Keyboard |
| IRQ 2 |
Cascaded with IRQ 9 |
| IRQ 3 |
Default COM2 and COM4 |
| IRQ 4 |
Default COM1 and COM3 |
| IRQ 5 |
LPT2 |
| IRQ 6 |
Floppy Drive Controller |
| IRQ 7 |
LPT1 |
| IRQ 8 |
Real Time Clock |
| IRQ 9 |
SEE 2 |
| IRQ 10 |
Open |
| IRQ 11 |
Open |
| IRQ 12 |
PS/2 mouse or Open |
| IRQ 13 |
Math Coprocessor |
| IRQ 14 |
Primary Hard Drive controller |
| IRQ 15 |
Secondary Hard Drive controller |
Viewing your current IRQ assignments
- Using a mouse
- Hover the mouse at the top-right of your screen.
- Move the mouse down and click on Search.
- Type Control panel into the search box.
- Click on the Control panel icon.
- Click on the Hardware and Sound icon.
- Under Devices and Printers click on Device manager
- Using touchscreen
- Swipe to the left from the right-edge of the screen.
- Tap on Search.
- Type Control panel into the search box.
- Tap on the Control panel icon.
- Tap on the Hardware and Sound icon.
- Under Devices and Printers tap on Device manager
Now see our section below "Opening the list of IRQs".
- Click on the START button then type Control panel into the search box.
- Click on the Control panel icon in the results (see screenshot below).
Now see our section below "Opening the list of IRQs".
- Click on START, click on CONTROL PANEL.
- If present, click on Performance and Maintenance (category view).
- Click on System.
- Click on the Hardware tab.
- Click the DEVICE MANAGER button.
Now see our section below "Opening the list of IRQs".
Opening the list of IRQs
Once you have
Device Manager open select
VIEW from the toolbar menu and then click
Resources by Type.
Double click on
Interrupt Request (IRQ) as seen in
fig 1.1 below:
The list that appears on your machine will vary depending on the hardware you have.
If you are experiencing problems with a newly installed/configured piece of hardware and the drivers are installed correctly, then check to see if it has its own IRQ channel.
Changing IRQ Settings
Warning: Changing system resources such as IRQ channels can result in your computer not functioning correctly. Always make a note of the settings before you change anything so you can restore them back if required.
If you do have a conflict and need to change an IRQ setting:
- Right click on the device in the list (see above), and then select properties.
- Click the Resources tab.
- Remove the tick from the Use automatic settings option.
- Select a non-conflicting configuration from the pull down box.
- Click OK
You may find you cannot manually change your IRQ settings (the
Use automatic settings will be greyed out), this is usually related to the
ACPI function used by Windows XP.
To resolve conflicts with
PCI or ISA cards try manually setting them in your
motherboard's BIOS, or try a different slot for the newly installed device. You will usually find that by changing the slot you will change the IRQ channel as well.
